Oil-feed construction



192 a 1630 554 May 7 c. H, WELLS 9 OIL FEED CONSTRUCTION Filed NOV. 6.1920 Patented May 31, 1927.

UNITED STATES OFFICE OIL'FEED GONSTILUCTIQN.

Application filed November 6 1920.

This invention relates to a new and improved means and method of feedinglubrieating oil from a bearing to a mtating shaft. More specifically itrelates to a more eliicientform of oil receiving cavity and lo *ation of01]. passage in a crank shaft adapted to receive the oil from a crankcase bearing for transmission through the shaft to a connecting rodhearing.

In lubricating systemsincluding oil passages in the cank shaft, oil mustbe fed to the crank case hearing under relatively heavy pressure. Thisis due to the fact that in order to pass into and through the radialpassage in the crank shaft the pressure must be suflicient to overcomethe centrifugal force imparted by the rotation of the shaft to oil inthe passage. The oil then passes through an axial passage or passages toradial passages or channels and thence to the connecting rod hearings onthe crank shaft. This latter movement of the oil is assisted by thecentrifugal force and hence the outlet passages and openings do notinvolve the same problem as do the intake portions.

It is an object of the present invention to enable the feed of oil tothe crank casebean ings of a shaft or a similar rotating part and intooil passages in the shaft or part to be maintained in a constantlysufficient. volume with a relatively low constant oil pressure, or toenable the How of oil to be increased over that secured in the customarypassages without an increase of the usual oil pressure. It is an objectto provide 'oil receiving cavities or scuppers upon the rotating memberassociated with the oil passages therein in such manner as to assure afree and positive feed of oil to the passages. It is also an object toprovide oil passages so located in the cross section of the rotativemember and relative to the center of rotation thereof that thecentrifugal effect upon oil in the passages is minimized or eliminated.It is a further object to provide scuppers and passages of the characterdescribed which may be readily formed in the crank shaft or similarrotating member by usual machine processes whereby ease and cheap nessof manufacture are facilitated. Other and further objects will appear asthe description proceeds. i

More specifically my invention involves the formation of intake passagesin the rotating member along a chord of the cross section thereof andthe provision of semi- Serial No. 422,160,

elliptic cavities or scuppers in communication with the outer end of thepassages, the rear wall of the scuppers considered relative to thedirection of rotation of the member being preferably coincident with therear wall of the passage. The intake passage is preferably so locatedthat its intake opening is located in the rear of a diameter of themember drawn parallel to the passage, or if not a straight passage, thepassage should be located rearwardly of a diameter intersecting theforward edge of the opening of the passage upon the outer face of themember.

I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of my invention in theaccompanying drawin which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal View of part of acrank shaft with portions of the associated bearings and connecting rodsshown therewith;

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a section taken on line 33 of Figure 1;

Figure i is a fragmentary plan View showing the scupper of Figure 2;and,

'Figure is a view similar to Figure 4t showing the scuppcr of Figure 3.I

The crank shafts and piston rods, as shown, are adapted for use in aV-type motor. The crank shaft at is supported in the crank case 5 uponthe forward bearing 6 and the intermediate bearing 7. The crankport-ions 8 and 9 of the crank shaft each carry a bushing 10 and a pairof connecting rods 11 and 12. The rod 11 has its lower end bifurcated topermit the lower end of the rod 12 to be placed between the bifurcatedportions. The forward portion of the c *ank shaft is provided with theaxial passage 13 which counnunicates with a radial passage 14;. this inturn connecting with a passage 15 which is located axially of the crankportion 9 of the crank shaft. The passage 13 .is intersected by achannel 16 which extends to the upper surface of the shaft. An oilchannel is provided in the bearing 6 in registration with the opening ofthe channel 16 and an oil passage 17 extends downwardly through thecrank case with its lower end in communication with the channel in thebearing. An axial passage 18 extends through the portion of the crankshaft supported by the bearing 7 and it communicates with the passages19 and 20, which in turn communicate with passsages 21 and 22 locatedaxially of the adjacent crank portions of the crank shafts. Oil is fedto the passage 18 through chan nel 16 from the oil passage 17 in thecrank case. Radial channels 23 and 2% lead out.- wardly from thepassages and 2t respectively to the bushings 10.

As shown in Figure 2, the radial channels 23 and 24 are provided withelliptical souppers and 2b. The channel 16., as shown in Figure 3, isprovided with the semi-elliptical scupper 27. one wall of the scupperbeing coincident with the adjacent wall at thechannel 16. he clearlyshown in Fig ure 3, the channel 16 is located upon one side of adiameter talcen through the crank shalt parallel to the channel.

Passages 28 extend outwardly through the bushings 10 to permit passageof the lubricant to the bearing of the rod 12 upon the bushing. Thebushings are keyed to the rods 11 so that direct lubrication of theirmeeting surfaces is unnecessary.

in the operation of my oiling system, the oil will be passed downwardlythrough the passage 17 to the channel in the bearing 6. The crank shaftwill be rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 3. Oilwill be carried by pressure through the channel 16 to the passage 13. Itwill then be carried both by the pressure and by centrifugal forceoutwardly through the passage 14 and thence to the passagelo. Frompassage 15 it is carried to the adjacent bearing by the channel 23 and aportion of the flow is taken through the bushings 10 by the channels:28. The channel 16, passages 18, 19. 20, 21, and 22 and the channel 2stwith its cooperating channel 28 operate in a manner similar to that justdescribed. The full elliptic scuppers 26 at the ends of passages leadingto bearings aid materially in distributing the lubricant to the bearing.

Due to the non-radial formation of the channel 16, the pressure of theoil feed system does not need to overcome centrifugal force to the sameextent as would be necessary were the channel. radial. In carrying theoil inwardly through that channel it will be noted that. this channel isformed rearwardly relative to a diameter parallel thereto, the directionbeing referred to the direction of rotation of the crank shalt. Thisinsures the assistance of centripetal force, in the inward movement ofthe oil.

. The scupper 27 extending forwardly of the channel 16" is of materialassistance in assuring the steady flow of oil to the channel and therear of this scupper is substantially coincident with the rear wall ofthe channel 16 so that all oil intercepted by the scupper enters thechannel.

It is obviousthat the channels 16 and 16 may be formed curred indirection rather than straight with the same or greater elitciency ofoperation. For the purpose at economical inanutiuzturing, however, thestraight channel shown is the more desirable, the essential points beingthat it is nonradial in direction and is located rcarwurdly ot' a.diameter intersecting the lm'ward portion of its opening upon the outersurtacc ot' the member.

lit will be a] .)parent that my construction permits the usual [low ofoil with a smaller oil feed pressure, or permits an incrcasrul tiow withthe same pressure where the channels are similar in size. (h on theother hand, if the Innssurc is lnaintained the same, smaller oilpassages and channels may be used Without loss of oil flow. Thesesmaller channels lessen the weakening of the crank shaft necessitated bythe formation oi' the channels and hence are a highly desirableconstruction.

lVhile I have described. more or less precisely the details ofconstruction of my invention, I do not wish to be understood as limitingmyself thereto. as l contemplate changes in form and the proportion oi?parts and substitution of equivalents as circimistances may suggest orrender expedient, without departing from the spirit at my invention.

1' claim:

1.. A rotating member, a hearing thertdor, said member having an oilpassage therein and having a. channel con]niunicating with said passageupon a chord of the circle of said member extending between the exteriorof the member and said passage.

2. A rotating member, a bearing therefor, said member having acylindrical oil passage therein and having a channel communieating withsaid passage upon a chord of the cross section of said passage extendingbe tween the latter and the exterior oi said member. i i

3. A rotating men'iber, a bearing tlierelor, an oil passage in saidmember, a channel extending inwardly from the outer surface of themember to said passage, the channel being located upon one side oi adiameter of the member intersecting one edge of the outer opening of thechannel.

at. A rotating member, a hearing therefor, an oil passage in saidmember, a channel extending inwardly from the order surface of themember to said pa we, the cliianncl being located upon the rearward sideot. a. diameter of the member intersecting the forward edge of the outeropening of the channel. the direction being considered ltdtlll't'tl tothe direction of rotation of the member.

A rotating member, a bearingtlmrc'tor a channel extending inwardly truththe outer surface of the member, the channel being located upon one sideoil. a diameter oi. the member intersecting one edge of" the outeropening of the channel and an oil passage in ltlt) liltl the memberconnecting with the channel.

6. A rotating member, a bearing therefor, 21- channel extending inwardlyfrom the outer surface of the member, the channel being located upon oneside of a diameter ot the member intersecting one edge of the outeropening of the channel, and an axially er;- tending oil passage in theinen'iber intersecting the channel.

I. A rotating member, a. bearing therefor, a channel extending inwardlyfrom the outer surface of the member, the channel being located upon therearward side of a diameter of the member intersecting the forward edgeof the outer opening of the channel, the direction being consideredrelative to the direc tion of rotation of the member, the inner end ofthe channel intersecting an axially extending oil passage concentricwith the rotating member.

8. A rotating member, a bearing therefor, and oil channel extending intosaid rotating member and a semi-elliptic scupper upon the membercommunicating with the oil channel.

9. A rotating member, a bearing therefor, an oil channel extending intosaid rotating member and a scupper upon the member communicating withthe oil channel, the rear portion of the scupper wall relative to thedirection of rotation 01 the member being coincident with the rear wallof the channel.

10. A rotating member, a bearing therefor, an oil channel extending intosaid rotating member and a scupper upon the member communicating withthe oil channel, the rear portion oi? the scupper wall relative to thedirection of rotation of the member being coincident with the rear wallof the channel, the bearing having an oil channel with which the scupperand channel. opening register.

1 l. A rotating member, a bearing therefor, an oil. channel extendinginto said rotating member and a scupper upon the member communicatingwith the oil channel, the scupper being sen'iielliptie in form with itslonger axis coincident with the line of the direction of rotation of themember.

12. A. rotating member, a bearing therefor, a chann l extending inwardlyfrom the outer surface of the member, the channel being located upon oneside of a diameter of the member intersecting one edge of the outeropening ot the channel, and a scupper associated with the outer openingof the channel, the scupper being semi-elliptic in form with its longeraxis coincident with the line of the direction of rotation of themember.

Signed at hflarysville, Michigan, this 19th day of October, 1920.

GHILDE HAROLD WILLS.

